OWASP Agentic Top 10 · ASI05

Unexpected Code Execution

The agent runs code the operator never intended.

Threats currently tracked under ASI05

Showing 61–80 of 209 threats, newest first

MCPauthorization-bypassprivilege-escalationArcadeDBconfiguration-tamperingdenial-of-serviceASI05 · Unsafe Code ExecutionSurface: Tool LayerPropagation: Single Hop

ArcadeDB's MCP server tool set_server_setting only checks a global allowAdmin flag rather than the calling user's actual role, allowing any authenticated read-only user to modify server-wide configuration when allowAdmin is enabled. This lets a low-privileged user tamper with GlobalConfiguration or trigger denial of service. The fix in 26.8.1 adds proper per-caller role enforcement.

Updated Aug 18, 2026 · CVSS 6.3

approval-bypassprompt-injectionshell-executionprivilege-escalationmcpcodewhaletool-misconfigurationASI05 · Unsafe Code ExecutionAML.T0051AML.T0053Surface: Tool LayerPropagation: Single Hop

A flaw in the CodeWhale agent framework causes the exec_shell_interact tool to skip the mandatory human-approval step for code execution, defaulting it to auto-approved. This lets attacker-controlled content ingested by the agent (e.g., a malicious web page, MCP tool result, or repo file) inject commands that execute silently inside an already-approved privileged shell session such as sudo, ssh, or a database console. Fixed in version 0.8.64.

Updated Aug 18, 2026 · CVSS 7

argument-injectiongitmcp-toolauto-approved-toolarbitrary-file-writeprompt-injectionssh-key-overwritecodewhaleASI05 · Unsafe Code ExecutionAML.T0051AML.T0053Surface: Tool LayerPropagation: Single Hop

CodeWhale's git_show tool passes an LLM-controlled 'rev' parameter directly into git's command line without sanitization, allowing a value like '--output=~/.ssh/authorized_keys' to be interpreted as a git flag rather than a revision. Because the tool is auto-approved and marketed as read-only, a malicious repository combined with prompt injection can trick the agent into silently overwriting sensitive files with attacker-controlled content, effectively achieving persistence or account takeover at the user's privilege level. This is a critical, easily exploitable vulnerability with a working fix already available in version 0.8.64.

Updated Aug 18, 2026 · CVSS 9.3

prompt-injectionrceauto-approvalmcpcodewhaletool-misuseunsafe-defaultASI05 · Unsafe Code ExecutionAML.T0051AML.T0053Surface: Tool LayerPropagation: Single Hop

CodeWhale's rlm_eval tool is misconfigured to always auto-approve code execution, bypassing the user's approval policy entirely. An attacker who can plant instructions in content the agent reads (a webpage, repo file, or MCP tool result) can trigger arbitrary Python execution on the user's machine at the user's privilege level, with no prompt or audit trail. This is a straightforward and highly exploitable prompt-injection-to-RCE chain fixed in version 0.8.64.

Updated Aug 18, 2026 · CVSS 7.8

defensive-researchLLM-grid-agentruntime-authorizationdigital-twincritical-infrastructuremodel-mismatchnot-an-exploitASI05 · Unsafe Code ExecutionSurface: PlannerPropagation: None

This is a defensive research paper describing TwinGridShield, a proposed runtime authorization system that validates LLM-proposed power grid commands against a physical network twin before execution. It is not an active exploit or vulnerability disclosure; it demonstrates a mitigation approach and honestly reports its own limitations under model mismatch conditions. Severity is low because this raw data describes protective research, not a threat.

Updated Aug 18, 2026

research-paperdefensive-frameworkauthorization-architectureprompt-injection-mitigationdelegation-securitymulti-agent-systemsnot-an-active-exploitASI05 · Unsafe Code ExecutionSurface: PlannerPropagation: None

This is an academic research paper describing a defensive authorization architecture (Agentic Principal Chain) for multi-agent LLM systems, not an active exploit or newly disclosed vulnerability. It identifies a real architectural weakness class in agent systems—static, per-request permission checks that ignore session history—and proposes and validates a mitigation. No new attack technique, tool, or malicious campaign is disclosed here.

Updated Aug 18, 2026

SSRFMLflowwebhookmetadata-serviceredirect-bypassunauthenticatedcloud-credentialsagent-platformASI05 · Unsafe Code ExecutionSurface: Tool LayerPropagation: Single Hop

An unauthenticated SSRF vulnerability exists in MLflow's webhook test endpoint that allows attackers to bypass URL validation using HTTP redirects. Attackers can craft a webhook pointing to a benign-looking URL that redirects to internal services or cloud metadata endpoints, then retrieve the response including sensitive credentials. This affects any AI agent or ML pipeline built on vulnerable MLflow versions, exposing cloud infrastructure secrets.

Updated Aug 18, 2026 · CVSS 9.3

SSRFMCPmcp-florence2tool-input-validationimage-processingserver-side-request-forgeryASI05 · Unsafe Code ExecutionSurface: Tool LayerPropagation: Single Hop

The mcp-florence2 MCP server contains a server-side request forgery vulnerability in its get_images function, allowing a remote attacker to supply a malicious 'src' argument that causes the server to make unauthorized HTTP requests. This could be used to probe internal networks, access cloud metadata endpoints, or interact with internal services reachable by the MCP server. A public exploit exists, increasing the urgency of remediation.

Updated Aug 17, 2026 · CVSS 6.3

MCPauthentication-bypassmemory-poisoningunauthenticated-accessagent-memorybroken-access-controlmcp-memory-serviceASI05 · Unsafe Code ExecutionAML.T0020AML.T0048Surface: MemoryPropagation: Single Hop

mcp-memory-service, a semantic memory backend used by AI agents, exposes all /api/documents/* routes without any authentication check even when an API key or OAuth is configured. This lets an unauthenticated remote attacker read, write, or delete an agent's persistent memory store, enabling memory poisoning and data theft. The flaw is fixed in version 10.67.1.

Updated Aug 16, 2026 · CVSS 9.8

MCPSSRFinput-validationregex-bypassserver-url-spoofingCKANtool-poisoning-vectorASI05 · Unsafe Code ExecutionSurface: Tool LayerPropagation: Single Hop

The CKAN MCP Server's data quality tools validate the server_url parameter using a prefix-only regular expression intended to restrict requests to dati.gov.it, but the check can be bypassed with suffix-host or userinfo tricks in the URL. This allows an attacker to redirect the MCP tool's outbound request to an attacker-controlled host and return spoofed data to the agent as if it came from the trusted source.

Updated Aug 15, 2026 · CVSS 5.3

unauthenticated-rceagent-tool-abuseexec-sandbox-escapemindsdbscratchpad-toolprompt-injectioncredential-theftASI05 · Unsafe Code ExecutionAML.T0053AML.T0011Surface: Tool LayerPropagation: Single Hop

MindsDB Minds Platform (v26.1.0 and earlier) has an unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability where attackers can configure their own LLM key via an unprotected settings endpoint, then submit a crafted prompt that directs the 'Anton' agent to invoke its scratchpad tool, which calls exec() on attacker-controlled Python code without sandboxing. This grants full OS command execution as the user running the application, exposing SSH keys, credentials, and environment secrets. This is a critical, fully unauthenticated, trivially exploitable vulnerability warranting immediate patching.

Updated Aug 15, 2026 · CVSS 10

MCPpath-traversaltrust-boundarysubprocess-executionclaude-codesupply-chainlocal-privilegedirectory-spoofingASI05 · Unsafe Code ExecutionSurface: Tool LayerPropagation: Single Hop

The Cortex MCP server incorrectly trusts the CLAUDE_PROJECT_DIR environment variable to identify a legitimate Cortex source checkout, using only two file-presence checks as validation. An attacker who convinces a victim to open a malicious repository as their active project in Claude Code can plant these marker files and cause Cortex's open_visualization tool to execute an arbitrary attacker-controlled Python script with the victim's local user privileges.

Updated Aug 14, 2026

MCPSSRFPDF-parsingunpatchedpublic-exploitserver-side-request-forgerysupply-chainASI05 · Unsafe Code ExecutionAML.T0053Surface: Tool LayerPropagation: Single Hop

An MCP server (mcp-dominican-layer) exposes a PDF-parsing tool that accepts a remote URL without adequate validation, allowing an attacker to force the server to make arbitrary outbound requests (SSRF). This could be used to probe internal networks, hit cloud metadata endpoints, or interact with internal services reachable from the MCP host. The vendor has not responded to the disclosure and a public exploit exists, increasing near-term risk for any deployment using this component.

Updated Aug 14, 2026 · CVSS 6.3

MCPSSRFserver-side-request-forgeryunpatchedaxioscsv-parsinginput-validationASI05 · Unsafe Code ExecutionAML.T0053Surface: Tool LayerPropagation: Single Hop

An MCP server tool called parse-csv accepts a user-supplied URL (csvUrl) and fetches it with axios.get without validating the destination, allowing an attacker to force the server to make requests to arbitrary internal or external endpoints. This is a classic server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability exposed through an agent tool interface, remotely exploitable, with a public exploit and no vendor response yet. Severity is moderate given CVSS 6.3, but the risk is amplified in agent contexts where the MCP server may have network access to internal services, cloud metadata endpoints, or other agents.

Updated Aug 14, 2026 · CVSS 6.3

prototype-pollutionmulti-tenantdenial-of-serviceprivilege-abuseai-agent-platformtrigger.devjsonheropathASI05 · Unsafe Code ExecutionSurface: Tool LayerPropagation: Single Hop

A vulnerability in Trigger.dev, a platform for orchestrating managed AI agents and workflows, allows any authenticated tenant to pollute Object.prototype in the shared webapp process via a metadata update API. This corrupts database queries and metrics across all tenants and can break worker authentication or crash the process, resulting in a cross-tenant denial-of-service condition. The issue is fixed in version 4.5.6.

Updated Aug 14, 2026 · CVSS 8.5

MCPSSRFmcp-rdf-explorerunpatchedpublic-exploitserver-side-request-forgeryASI05 · Unsafe Code ExecutionSurface: Tool LayerPropagation: Single Hop

An MCP server component (mcp-rdf-explorer 1.0.0) contains a server-side request forgery vulnerability in its explore_url tool function, allowing a remote attacker to make the server issue arbitrary HTTP requests by manipulating the url argument. A public exploit exists and the vendor has not responded to disclosure, leaving the issue unpatched.

Updated Aug 14, 2026 · CVSS 7.3

SSRFMCPinput-validation-bypassIPv6loopbackIP-normalizationfetch-toolASI05 · Unsafe Code ExecutionAML.T0053Surface: Tool LayerPropagation: Single Hop

The auth-fetch-mcp server, which lets AI assistants fetch authenticated web content, has a flawed SSRF blocklist that fails to catch IPv4-mapped IPv6 loopback addresses in their hex-normalized form. An attacker who can influence the URL passed to the fetch tool (directly or via prompt injection) can reach internal loopback services that the security control was explicitly designed to block. This is exploitable out-of-the-box with no special configuration.

Updated Aug 13, 2026 · CVSS 7.4

flowisepyodidesandbox-escapeunauthenticatedrceprompt-injectionblocklist-bypassagent-nodeASI05 · Unsafe Code ExecutionAML.T0051AML.T0053Surface: Tool LayerPropagation: Single Hop

Flowise before version 3.1.3 has a critical vulnerability in its Airtable Agent node where crafted chatflow prompts can bypass a Python code validator blocklist and execute arbitrary code in an unsandboxed pyodide environment. Since this requires no authentication and grants full host OS access, an attacker can achieve remote code execution simply by sending malicious input to a public-facing chatflow.

Updated Aug 13, 2026

MCPpath-traversalarbitrary-file-readcredential-exposureconfluencejiratool-poisoning-vectorprompt-injection-vectorASI05 · Unsafe Code ExecutionAML.T0053AML.T0025Surface: Tool LayerPropagation: Single Hop

The MCP Atlassian server before version 0.22.0 fails to validate file paths passed to its confluence_upload_attachment tool, allowing an authenticated MCP client (or an AI agent manipulated via untrusted content) to read arbitrary files on the server and exfiltrate them as Confluence attachments. This can expose sensitive server environment variables like CONFLUENCE_API_TOKEN, turning a routine file-upload feature into a credential theft and data exfiltration primitive.

Updated Aug 13, 2026 · CVSS 7.7

prompt-injectionconfused-deputySSRFSQLiXSSSSTIcommand-injectionIDORCSRFXXELLM-integrated-appsresearchASI05 · Unsafe Code ExecutionAML.T0051AML.T0054Surface: Tool LayerPropagation: Single Hop

This is an academic research paper (not an active exploit report) systematizing a class of attacks called 'LLM2X', where attacker-controlled input passed through an LLM in a tool-calling or agentic pipeline is transformed and then reaches traditional web backend sinks (SQL, shell, templates, XML parsers, HTTP clients). The LLM acts as a confused deputy, laundering malicious input into classic vulnerabilities like SQLi, XSS, SSRF, SSTI, and command injection. The authors validate this experimentally with a case study (TicketOracle) showing SSRF susceptibility varies significantly across seven different LLMs.

Updated Aug 12, 2026